Fiber optic bandwidth refers to the data-carrying capacity of an optical fiber, which is measured as the product of frequency and distance. For instance, a fiber with a bandwidth of 500 MHz-km can transmit data at a rate of 500 MHz over one kilometer of fiber . The best fiber optic cables can carry up to 60 terabits of information every second, significantly surpassing traditional copper cables, which can only handle up to 40 gigabits per second . This high capacity is achieved by transmitting data through light signals within thin strands of glass or plastic fiber, allowing for high-speed data transfer over long distances with minimal signal loss .